THE BIG MUSCLES

Carbohydrates are the body's main source of energy and should be the major part of total daily intake. Carbohydrates are used for energy. It helps to give us the instant and prolonged duration of energy. When carbohydrates are very less in the body then proteins are used for energy instead of muscle tissue repairing. Simple sugars such as glucose and fructose (monosaccharides), double sugars such as sucrose and maltose (disaccharides), and complex sugars such as starch and glycogen (polysaccharides) are among the important carbohydrates. The building blocks of all carbohydrates are sugars and they can be classified according to how many sugar units are combined in one molecule. The table below shows the major types of dietary carbohydrates. Further, Carbohydrates divides into six parts: 1. Classification 2. Functions 3. When should the carbohydrates be taken 4. Fuel forms of carbohydrates 5. Guidelines 6. Sources 

The maintaining of normal blood glucose level by the body is called as blood homeostasis. After a meal, the carbohydrates are mixed with various digestive enzymes which help to break down the carbohydrates into monosaccharides as glucose which are absorbed into the bloodstream. The bloodstream can hold about 1 hour of glucose for energy. When blood glucose level is more, then insulin hormone is secreted from the pancreas gland and its help to storage of glucose as glycogen in the skeletal muscles and liver. The muscles can store about 20 minutes of glycogen for energy which we will use during the workout. If Glucose levels are more and glycogen storage are full then the extra amount of glucose is converted to fat by the liver and stored in fat cells. There is really no limit to the amount of fat that a body can store. When blood glucose levels are low, then glucagon hormones are secreted from the pancreas gland and stimulate the conversion of glycogen to glucose.

The main function of Carbohydrates is to provide energy but they also play an important role in: The construction of the body organs and Nerve cells The definition of persons physiological identity such as their blood group 1. Energy source and storage Starch and sugars are the main energy-providing carbohydrate sources and supply 4 kilocalories per gram. Simple sugars are absorbed directly by the small intestine into the bloodstream, where they are, then, transport to their place of use. Disaccharides are broken down by the digestive enzyme into simple sugars. The body also needs the help of digestive enzymes to break down the long chains of starches into their constituent sugars, which are then absorbed into the bloodstream. The human body uses carbohydrates in the form of glucose. Glucose can also be converted to glycogen, a polysaccharide similar to starch, which is stored in the liver and the muscles and is a readily available source of energy for the body. Th...

The thyroid is a small, butterfly-shaped endocrine gland located at the back of the neck below Adam's apple. The thyroid produces hormones- T3, T4 & TSH which influence every organ, tissue, and cell in the body. The hormones also control heart rate, body weight, body temperature, energy level, muscle strength, and menstrual regularity.

All sugars are reduced to the simple sugar, glucose, through digestion before being absorbed. Starch and glycogen are complex sugars containing numerous glucose molecules. Plants store in the form of starch, whereas in humans, a limited amount of sugar is stored as glycogen in the liver and in the muscles. Glycogen is depleted during intense muscular activity.  These are divided into four parts: 1. Monosaccharides  Glucose and fructose are simple sugars or monosaccharides and can be found in fruits, berries, vegetables, and honey. Some Monosaccharides are Glucose, Fructose, Galactose. 2. Disaccharides  When two simple sugars combine, they form disaccharides. Table sugar or sucrose is a combination of glucose and fructose and occurs naturally both in sugar beet, sugar cane, and fruits. Lactose is the main sugar in milk and dairy products and maltose is a disaccharide occurring in the malt. Some are  Glucose + Fructose = Sucrose, Gluco...

source: google The branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) are leucine, isoleucine, and valine. BCAA are considered essential amino acids because human beings cannot survive unless these amino acids are present in the diet. BCAA are needed for the maintenance of muscle tissue and appear to preserve muscle stores of glycogen, (a storage form of carbohydrate that can be converted into energy). BCAA also help prevent muscle protein breakdown during exercise. Where are they found? Dairy product and red meat contain the greatest amount of BCAA, although they are present in all protein-containing foods. Whey protein and egg protein supplements are other sources of BCAA. How much is usually taken? Most diets provide an adequate amount of BCAA for most people, which is about 25-65mg per 1Kg of body weight. Athletes involved in intense training often take 5 grams of leucine, 4 grams of valine, and 2 grams of isoleucine per day to prevent muscle loss and increase muscle gain. A...

There are six essential nutrients: 1. Proteins 2. Carbohydrates 3. Fats 4. Water 5. Minerals 6. Vitamins Protein builds muscles & a strong immune system. Carbohydrates (including starches and sugars) give you energy. Fats give you extra energy. Vitamins & Minerals regulates body processes. Water gives cells shape & acts as a medium in which body processes occur

The digestive system is made up of the digestive tract- a series of hollow organs joined in a long, twisting tube from the mouth to the anus and other organs that help the body break down and absorb food. Organs that make up the digestive tract are the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine also called the colon-rectum and anus. Inside these hollow organs is a lining called the mucosa. In the mouth, stomach, and small intestine, the mucosa contains tiny glands that produce juices to help digest food. The digestive tract also contains a layer of smooth muscle that helps break down food and move it along the tract. Two "solid" digestive organs, the liver and the pancreas, produce digestive juices that reach the intestine through small tubes called ducts. The gallbladder stores the liver's digestive juices until they are needed in the intestine. Parts of the nervous and circulatory systems also play major roles in the digestive system.

Nutrition is defined as the process by which living organisms obtain food and use it for growth, metabolism, and repair. The stage of nutrition includes ingestion, digestion, absorption, transport, assimilation, and excretion.

WHAT IS ANATOMY? Anatomy is the branch of biology, concerned with the study of the structure of living organisms and their parts. It is the structural study of the organism including their systems, organs, and tissues. In simples words, anatomy is the GPS of our body. This picture represents the STANDARD ANATOMICAL POSITION which one must remember in order to learn about anatomy. source: google WHAT IS STANDARD ANATOMICAL POSITION? Standard anatomical position is what will help us to have reference points. We need to know that standard anatomical position because the human body is dynamic and keeps changing position. Anatomical position is like a body-map, it is the reference position where: Body is standing upright feet shoulder width apart and parallel Toes forward Arms to the sides Palms facing forward face in the front Eyes are wide open This is the starting position for all muscle actions. The body is standing upright with the arms at t...

By Large, We Can Have Following Program Categories Of People Who Want To Participate In Exercise.  RECREATIONAL PARTICIPANTS Recreational participants are those people who just want to be fit to look good and to feel good. These people may not have perfect body shape or composition but they do not have any diseases and medical conditions too. They may want to lose some weight/fat or gain some muscle. The main focus is on staying in shape and being energetic to have a better quality of life. To serve this category of the client the team requires the following components:  The client The personal trainer And a nutritionist.  Because good nutritionist along with physical activity is crucial for both weight-loss and weight-gain.  SPORTS SPECIFIC / COMPETITIVE LEVEL ATHLETIC POPULATION  This category is of those people who play a particular game or participate in athletic events at competitive levels. A...

Every person who wants to get physically fit does not have the same needs. The person in twenties may want to look good and has the desire to fit in any dress he/she desires. But people who have reached their midlife may just want to be disease free and maintain overall health rather than just good looks. A need of a senior citizen is different than that of their younger counterparts. Along with being healthy, they want to be strong enough to be independent. Hence the fitness professional needs to have an extremely individualistic approach while dealing with every client type. One cannot have cookie-cutter routines for all. Before chalking out any exercise program the trainer must understand the person's program category. There is something called optimum health. This is a state in which the person is disease free and injury free. But it does not mean that the person is fit. Fitness comes above optimum health. People who do not have optimum health go into the category of ...

  Definition of Fitness  The word " fitness " means the ability to perform physical activities. This includes the strength of your muscles, joints and ligaments, the state of your endurance and the power in which your body is capable of moving. this does not mean " health ". A person who is fit may not necessarily be healthy and a person who is healthy may not necessarily be fit. " Health " covers a wide array of components which are usually under the umbrella word, "Wellness." "Wellness" in essence, covers all areas of health: mental health, emotional health, physical health, spiritual health, social health, relationship health, and so on. Basically, these are all the different components in a person's life that can affect their overall "well-being."  So when it comes to " fitness ". a person may be fit -be active, participate in sports, be able to lift weights, change the shape of their body, run, j...