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What is Anatomy?

WHAT IS ANATOMY?

Anatomy is the branch of biology, concerned with the study of the structure of living organisms and their parts. It is the structural study of the organism including their systems, organs, and tissues. In simples words, anatomy is the GPS of our body.
This picture represents the STANDARD ANATOMICAL POSITION which one must remember in order to learn about anatomy.
source: google

WHAT IS STANDARD ANATOMICAL POSITION?

Standard anatomical position is what will help us to have reference points. We need to know that standard anatomical position because the human body is dynamic and keeps changing position.
Anatomical position is like a body-map, it is the reference position where:
  • Body is standing upright
  • feet shoulder width apart and parallel
  • Toes forward
  • Arms to the sides
  • Palms facing forward
  • face in the front
  • Eyes are wide open
This is the starting position for all muscle actions. The body is standing upright with the arms at the sides and the palms of the hand facing forward (supine). All muscles actions are given by this position, and although muscle actions can be done from other positions, the textbook action is from the starting position. For example: standing in anatomical position, flex the elbows. The forearm comes forward in the sagittal plane. However, if you stand in the normal standing position with your arms "akimbo". Likewise,    if you abduct your whole arm so that is parallel to the floor and flex your elbow, again the movement is the frontal plane. These three examples all involve elbow flexion, but the resultant action is very different. The true action of elbow flexion, as with almost all actions is from the anatomical position.

WHAT ARE ANATOMICAL DIRECTIONS?

ANTERIOR: In front of
POSTERIOR: After, behind, towards the rear
DISTAL: Away from the origin
PROXIMAL: Near or close to the origin
SUPERIOR: Above
INFERIOR: Below
LATERAL: Towards the side away from the midline
MEDIAL: Towards the midline
CENTRAL: Deep
PERIPHERAL: Superficial

source: google


An anatomical plane is a hypothetical or imaginary plane used to transect or divide the human body in order to describe the location of structures or directions of movements.

1. SAGITTAL PLANE: Divides the body into right and left halves.
     a. Mid-sagittal plane: divides equally into right and left halves.
     b. Right sagittal & left sagittal plane: divides the body into right and left unequal halves respectively.

2. FRONTAL PLANE / CORONAL PLANE: Divides the body into anterior and posterior or frontal and back.

3. TRANSVERSE PLANE: Divides the body into superior and inferior parts.



      source: google

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